Zero Waste in the Mining: Reflections and Proposal for an Emerald Mine in Brazil

In recent decades, researchers have proposed a new development model, the circular economy (CE). The new model seeks to develop more efficient technologies with zero waste, including in mining. The discussion about zero waste in mining is just starting, but there are already proposals based on the principles of reduction, reuse, recycling, restoration, and re-establishment of uses (5Rs). In this chapter we present some examples, emphasizing a case study in an emerald mine in Brazil. In addition, we discussed the challenges of the mineral sector, such as the need to develop new technologies and the need for the emergence of new value chains and better regulation of the sector.