Introduction

Historically gender bias is a product of gender division of labour, gender, and division of space. The normalization and naturalization of gender-biased roles continue to exuberated within social, cultural, economic, political, and religious socialization. Such deep-rooted gender bias in historical, cultural, and institutional frameworks continue to exist that impedes the pursuit of true gender equality. Despite significant movements for women’s rights and empowerment, families, societies, and states around the world grapple with entrenched gender bias that manifests in various forms. The entrenched gendered bias and its discriminatory patriarchal structures continue to undermine women and their creative abilities in everyday life. The gender roles shaped by different forms of patriarchal systems, relegated women to subordinate positions, limiting their access to education, economic opportunities, and political participation. Such a process has created male dominated chauvinistic society where the historical gender-based patriarchal norms are perpetuated through generations, established a foundation for the entrenched gender bias that persists today.