Game Theory, Cybernetics, and Information Theory

Game theory is also an important part of artificial intelligence. It is concerned with finding the best course of action when there are competing positions or strategies. The simplest case is all card games, which is only of interest for leisure time. In contrast, it is important to work out strategies in business in order to minimize losses and maximize profits, taking into account the benefits for society. Cybernetics was founded by N. Wiener (1894–1964) and made a major contribution to artificial intelligence. The most interesting and important problem areas are “Computing Machines and the Nervous System,” “Cybernetics and Psychopathology,” “Information, Language and Society.” Here, direct links are established between computers and the human nervous system. Any external control of a system is more complex than the system itself. Changes to a system can therefore only be made in very small steps. This is analyzed in detail in the resulting “chaos theory.” He also proves that computers will be able to improve their performance and reproducing themselves. C. Shannon also founded the information theory. The basic idea of information theory is that the information content of a message depends on its surprise effect. The more often you hear a message, the less information it contains. He introduced entropy as a physical category and the bit as a unit of measurement.