There are many ways to treat substance use disorders. A common acute care model involves reducing withdrawal symptoms, induction onto medication-assisted treatment, medical stabilization, and then aftercare follow-up. The struggle that most patients face in their recovery and the cause of most relapses stems from difficulty engaging in continued treatment, lack of effective referrals to continuity of care, high dropout rates, and disconnect from posttreatment services (White WL, Kelly JF. Recovery management: what if we really believed that addiction was a chronic disorder? In: Addiction recovery management: theory, research and practice. Totowa: Humana Press. p. 67–84, 2010). Those who do connect to care after initial acute management are challenged with low treatment retention rates, leading to almost half of patients relapsing within 1 year (White WL, Kelly JF. Recovery management: what if we really believed that addiction was a chronic disorder? In: Addiction recovery management: theory, research and practice. Totowa: Humana Press. p. 67–84, 2010). Facing the difficulties of treating addiction has led to the sustained recovery management framework, which “organizes treatment and recovery support services to enhance early pre-recovery engagement, recovery initiation, long-term recovery maintenance, and the quality of personal/family life in long-term recovery” (Stanojlović and Davidson. Subst Abuse Res Treat 15:1178221820976988, 2021). The goal is to shift from acute care models to a care continuum, which is especially important for individuals with limited recovery capital, such as those with limited resources and motivation to initiate and sustain recovery, as many of those seeking treatment often do (Stanojlović and Davidson. Subst Abuse Res Treat 15:1178221820976988, 2021). What this would look like in reality is intensifying outreach and linkage efforts, enhancing motivation for change in pretreatment, improving in-treatment recovery support services to promote retention and adherence better, and establishing connections to communities during and after treatment (White WL, Kelly JF. Recovery management: what if we really believed that addiction was a chronic disorder? In: Addiction recovery management: theory, research and practice. Totowa: Humana Press; 2010. p. 67–84). Many of these components and elements can be found in peer support groups, which are nonclinical assistance from individuals with lived experience who have been able to sustain recovery and can promote hope and motivation for change, form collaborative relationships, help create recovery plans, manage crises, provide resources and support, and teach recovery skills, personal growth, and advocacy (White WL. Peer-based addiction recovery support: history, theory, practice, and scientific evaluation. Great Lakes Addiction Technology Transfer Center {and} Philadelphia Department of Behavioral health and Mental Retardation Services, 2009). As intricate and broad as these groups are, they can function in a wide range of care environments to help address the multiple stages of recovery and evolve with patients as their needs grow, from case management and supplemental medical and social services to employment, housing, and social relations (White WL. Peer-based addiction recovery support: history, theory, practice, and scientific evaluation. Great Lakes Addiction Technology Transfer Center {and} Philadelphia Department of Behavioral health and Mental Retardation Services, 2009). The understanding of peer support groups, alongside their history, structure, format, barriers, and future considerations when implementing such a group, is crucial to success.

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Peer Support

  • Justin E. Morales,
  • Anil A. Thomas

摘要

There are many ways to treat substance use disorders. A common acute care model involves reducing withdrawal symptoms, induction onto medication-assisted treatment, medical stabilization, and then aftercare follow-up. The struggle that most patients face in their recovery and the cause of most relapses stems from difficulty engaging in continued treatment, lack of effective referrals to continuity of care, high dropout rates, and disconnect from posttreatment services (White WL, Kelly JF. Recovery management: what if we really believed that addiction was a chronic disorder? In: Addiction recovery management: theory, research and practice. Totowa: Humana Press. p. 67–84, 2010). Those who do connect to care after initial acute management are challenged with low treatment retention rates, leading to almost half of patients relapsing within 1 year (White WL, Kelly JF. Recovery management: what if we really believed that addiction was a chronic disorder? In: Addiction recovery management: theory, research and practice. Totowa: Humana Press. p. 67–84, 2010). Facing the difficulties of treating addiction has led to the sustained recovery management framework, which “organizes treatment and recovery support services to enhance early pre-recovery engagement, recovery initiation, long-term recovery maintenance, and the quality of personal/family life in long-term recovery” (Stanojlović and Davidson. Subst Abuse Res Treat 15:1178221820976988, 2021). The goal is to shift from acute care models to a care continuum, which is especially important for individuals with limited recovery capital, such as those with limited resources and motivation to initiate and sustain recovery, as many of those seeking treatment often do (Stanojlović and Davidson. Subst Abuse Res Treat 15:1178221820976988, 2021). What this would look like in reality is intensifying outreach and linkage efforts, enhancing motivation for change in pretreatment, improving in-treatment recovery support services to promote retention and adherence better, and establishing connections to communities during and after treatment (White WL, Kelly JF. Recovery management: what if we really believed that addiction was a chronic disorder? In: Addiction recovery management: theory, research and practice. Totowa: Humana Press; 2010. p. 67–84). Many of these components and elements can be found in peer support groups, which are nonclinical assistance from individuals with lived experience who have been able to sustain recovery and can promote hope and motivation for change, form collaborative relationships, help create recovery plans, manage crises, provide resources and support, and teach recovery skills, personal growth, and advocacy (White WL. Peer-based addiction recovery support: history, theory, practice, and scientific evaluation. Great Lakes Addiction Technology Transfer Center {and} Philadelphia Department of Behavioral health and Mental Retardation Services, 2009). As intricate and broad as these groups are, they can function in a wide range of care environments to help address the multiple stages of recovery and evolve with patients as their needs grow, from case management and supplemental medical and social services to employment, housing, and social relations (White WL. Peer-based addiction recovery support: history, theory, practice, and scientific evaluation. Great Lakes Addiction Technology Transfer Center {and} Philadelphia Department of Behavioral health and Mental Retardation Services, 2009). The understanding of peer support groups, alongside their history, structure, format, barriers, and future considerations when implementing such a group, is crucial to success.