Food addiction (FA) as a diagnosis has been hotly debated over the last decade. As a transdiagnostic concept existing in some research literature but absent from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision, FA contains elements borrowed from substance use disorders, behavioral addictions, and eating disorders. As food has changed over the last several decades, becoming more hyperpalatable and ultra-processed at the hands of large corporations, obesity has become a significant problem, leading to alarming increases in type 2 diabetes, cardiac events, and other devastating health outcomes. Some believe that understanding pathological overeating from an addiction standpoint will help us better address the obesity epidemic and improve lifespans worldwide. However, others maintain that food addiction is not currently empirically supported. In this chapter, the author will comprehensively review the literature to define and explore food addiction relative to similar concepts, specifically binge-eating disorder. Topics for discussion include epidemiology, etiology, neurobiology, clinical features, diagnosis, comorbidities, and conclusions.