School Neuropsychology

School neuropsychology is a specialty of neuropsychology that seeks to understand the relationship between cognitive and socioemotional functions, their neural correlates, and learning, considering individual and sociocultural factors that influence cognitive stimulation throughout individual’s life. In this chapter, the goal is to characterize the field of School Neuropsychology, addressing its definition and scope in terms of assessment and intervention. Generally, this specialty is an extension of the Clinical Neuropsychology of childhood and adolescence but seeks to develop as a field of its own. One promising prospect is the participation of neuropsychologists in educational planning, as well as the contribution of teachers in the development of neuropsychological instruments and intervention programs. However, it is important to recognize that there are limits in the training of school neuropsychologists, and investments in quality extension and specialization courses are needed to train professionals with knowledge of both Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology and Education. The chapter concludes that the current stage of development of School Neuropsychology still represents an initial step in a long road that is just beginning to be traveled, highlighting the potential of the area.