Neuroendocrine Tumors: Epidemiology

Neuroendocrine tumors are a class of malignancies that are increasing in prevalence and incidence around the world. Although completely accurate data are difficult to collect, many international reports suggest that these tumors are becoming common. National health databases suggest that the total numbers of cases of neuroendocrine malignancies are increasing but vary geographically and biologically. Some of the most recent data still describe time periods before the widespread use of improved diagnostics and therapeutics. Geographically, the general case numbers are increasing but vary based on the tumor’s primary site. The cases of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors are greatest in the United States and northern Europe, whereas in East Asia, rectal neuroendocrine tumors are the most common. The cases of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors have also been rising. With evolving diagnostics and treatments, epidemiological data will change as staging and survival improve.