Applying STAMP Model Through STPA Method to Facilitate Safety Engineering: A Literature Review

Systems thinking has been widely applied in many disciplines, particularly in complex organizational settings. It spreads the interpretation of accident causation and provides in-depth and more complete analyses of events and systems through the System-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP), which was settled to engineer safer systems as a holistic approach. STAMP can analyze potential accidents using the hazard analysis method Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA). Therefore, the development process of STAMP-STPA and its applications and extensions research should be reviewed to reveal the state-of-the-art advances and further illustrate future research trends and practical applications. According to the PRISMA guideline, a total of 34 articles were identified and eligible for this review. The result of this review involving the STAMP model with the STPA method mainly focuses on three topics: applications on main domains, the primary outcome of applying STPA, and its limitations. The findings of this literature review show that the STAMP model through the STPA method is ideal for facilitating complex safety system definition, preventing accidents, identifying safety process models, developing safety constraints, considering a list of unsafe control actions, and evaluating causal scenarios or factors to promote safety. Furthermore, based on STAMP-STPA, more techniques and tools to promote safety can be constructed, and more applications and improvements will be created in the future for safety issues.