The New Craft of Intelligence: Information Operations and Cyber Security

In modern theory, and increasingly so in practice, various methods as well as operations are described from the intelligence world. It is not enough to recognize certain phenomena, but one must be instructed in the content of particular educational subjects used in the teaching of intelligence and security courses. Only those who are well acquainted with security science are generally familiar with upgrading intelligence and security. These are operations such as intelligence information operations, hybrid actions as part of a particular war, or cyber security. Understanding high-ranking intelligence operations means knowing all segments of operational work, structures, and methods of intelligence services. Ignorance of fundamental principles or improper education can lead to significant consequences because, in intelligence and security work, every mistake can result in the loss of one or more human lives. Geopolitical trends and internal circumstances in different countries represent a constant source of potential security challenges and threats that exist in present-day complex conditions. With the progress of science and technological achievements, new techniques of attack and action have emerged, and with the new techniques of defense, deterrence of threats and risks has evolved.