Ambazonia, Yet Another (Security) Challenge for Yaoundé

Once a German protectorate, then a British mandate territory finally gaining independence in 1961. The fate of the once British Cameroonian territory was then decided by several referendums until eventually, the country changed its federal state structure into a unitary model, degrading the place of the Anglophone part of the country. Anglophone movements have started to demonstrate their opposition to this new status quo as early as the 1970s. After a short introduction to Cameroon and more particularly its Anglophone part, the aim of the chapter is on the one hand, to show how the situation in the country changed during the decades and how the Anglophone movements have started to operate, what are the drivers and how the situation has developed from the second half of the 2010s, in order to achieve their goals of a greater autonomy or even independence, and on the other hand, to show the reactions from the central government, with possible steps towards a solution.