Landslide Susceptibility Map Showing the Spatial Relationship Between Various Landslide Factors and Landslide Using Remote Sensing and GIS-Based Frequency Ratio Method in Chamoli District, Uttarakhand, India

Landslides are common in Uttarakhand state due to many geo-environmental variables. The main objective of this study is to produce a landslide susceptibility map of Chamoli district, Uttarakhand. To assess the influence of geo-environmental parameters on the occurrence and distribution of landslides, the Frequency Ratio (FR) model using remote sensing and GIS-based techniques is applied in the present study. The FR model is developed from the landslide inventory map and geo-environmental parameters including slope aspect, altitude, slope, TRI, TWI, SPI, rainfall, earthquake, soil, NDVI, geomorphology, geology, LULC, distance to rivers, distance to roads, and distance to faults. The model is validated using the AUC curve method. The landslide susceptibility map is divided into five zones, viz. Very high (7.92% area), high (15.78% area), moderate (21.13% area), low (25.02% area), and very low (30.15% area). The result shows that about 7.92% of the study area is a high landslide potential area where almost 55% of total landslide events are occurred. we can trace about 90% of total landslide occurrences found within 23.7% of the study area.