Natural Polysaccharide-Based Materials for Scaffolds Biofabrication

Natural polysaccharides are a versatile class of biopolymers with salient properties such as superior biocompatibility, abundantly availability, and rapid biological recognition. In this chapter we highlight the recent development in terms of design, synthesis, characterization, and modifications of natural polysaccharides for myriad of tissue engineering (TE) applications. In the first place, a brief overview in regard to structure and unique properties are elaborated, followed by a discussion of various chemical modifications, functionalization, and biological properties. Finally, a brief overview of natural polysaccharides is provided based on their electric charge, like positively charged polysaccharides (Chitosan), negatively charged polysaccharides (Alginate, hyaluronic acid and heparin), and electro neutral polysaccharides (Cellulose, dextran and agarose). A special emphasis on innovative modifications, fabrication technologies, and challenges are also illustrated. To summarize, this chapter will provide an outline of natural polysaccharides and their prospective acceptability with a conceptual basis and reference for future research in tissue/organ regeneration.