Application of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) Method in the Evaluation of Outdoor Sports Environment in Cold Region Universities: A Case Study of Harbin, China

This research evaluates the outdoor sports environments of 16 universities in Harbin, a cold region city, from five dimensions: Pleasurability (A), Security (B), Comfort (C), Convenience (D), and Accessibility (E). The evaluation indicators and weights are obtained by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Factor Analysis (FA) methods, and the quality level of the outdoor sports environments is measured by using the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method. The research has three steps: Firstly, a questionnaire survey collects the evaluation indicators and weights from the students’ perspective. Secondly, an evaluation model calculates the satisfaction scores of the outdoor sports environment for each university. Thirdly, the outdoor sports environments of different universities are ranked and analyzed based on the scores. The research proposes three optimization strategies: (1) Enhance comfort and convenience (2) Strengthen safety and accessibility and (3) Improve landscape quality and diversity.