Agronomy Suitability of Treated Wastewater with Microalgae as Alternative Sources for Irrigation

The principal source of domestic water, agricultural, and industrial uses is freshwater, which serves as the basis for a wide range of human needs and activities. Realizing sustainability, as outlined in the goals of sustainable development, demands an integration of the circular economy principles. This is especially crucial in the context of water, a resource with numerous recyclable applications. Water resources have become exhaustible as well as variable in space and also in time, which requires management to ensure an acceptable standard of living for the population. While production is also part of the ongoing importance of wastewater must be considered for recovery and reuse. Agriculture is considered the sector that consumes the most water, which encourages wastewater reuse in agriculture. Irrigation with treated wastewater has positive effects on the soil’s richness in fertilizing elements. In addition, resources such as phosphorus, for sustainable and restorative agriculture, potassium, and carbon are often critical limiting factors, that can be addressed through the use of recycled materials derived from microalgae. This encourages farmers to move towards irrigation either through groundwater or through the informal reuse of treated wastewater. This work aims to evaluate environmentally friendly wastewater treatment technologies such as those that use microalgae for modern and sustainable agriculture.