Circular Economy of Petroleum-Based Industrial Wastes

This chapter is dedicated to a comprehensive evaluation of the treatment processes associated with the waste generated from the utilization of petroleum products within the Spanish context. A pivotal aspect guiding our assessment is the overarching perspective of the circular economy, emphasizing our focus on processes that contribute to circularity. To achieve this, a meticulous exploration is undertaken, encompassing a detailed description of the various types of waste under scrutiny, elucidation of the industrial processes engendering them, and an in-depth analysis of their key characteristics. To define the distinctive attributes of each waste category, a systematic examination is conducted, elucidating and prioritizing the properties deemed most significant. This discernment lays the groundwork for a nuanced analysis of the available technologies within the theoretical and bibliographic domains, coupled with an exploration of the practical treatments actively employed in the Spanish market. Through this comprehensive overview, we aim to provide a holistic understanding of the landscape of waste treatment technologies, underlining their applicability and efficacy in the Spanish industrial milieu. An illustrative instance showcasing the practical application of the aforementioned technologies and treatments is presented through a recent decontamination project conducted in Arganda del Rey, located in the Community of Madrid, Spain. This real-world case study serves as a tangible demonstration of the successful implementation of the theoretical frameworks and technologies discussed earlier. The outcomes and lessons learned from this specific project enrich our understanding of the practical implications and challenges associated with the adoption of circular economy principles in waste treatment. In light of the extensive analysis and empirical evidence presented, we draw compelling conclusions that underscore the effectiveness and feasibility of integrating circular economy principles into the treatment processes for petroleum-derived waste in the Spanish context. These insights not only contribute to the academic discourse surrounding sustainable waste management but also provide practical guidance for industry stakeholders and policymakers seeking to enhance the circularity of petroleum product waste streams in Spain.