Terahertz Technology and Its Importance in the Field of Biomedical Application: A Review

From non-invasive imaging and diagnostics to drug delivery and monitoring, terahertz waves have demonstrated their ability to revolutionize healthcare and advance medical research. By harnessing the unique properties of terahertz waves, researchers are able to obtain high-resolution images of biological tissues without the need for ionizing radiation, making it a safer alternative to traditional imaging techniques such as X-rays or CT scans. In addition, the terahertz range of the electromagnetic spectrum allows researchers to probe the characteristics of biological molecules, such as DNA, proteins, and drugs, due to the rich spectral fingerprints exhibited by these molecules in the terahertz regime. This enables researchers to gain valuable insights into the structure, dynamics, and interactions of these molecules, which can aid in the development of new drugs and therapies with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. The present work gives a deep insight of terahertz technology (Siegel in IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 50:910–928, 2002 [1]) and its application into various biomedical applications.