Review of Distributed Hydrological Models and the Development and Application of SWAT Model

Hydrological models are important research method for hydrological research, and it is also the basis for studying the relationship between natural soil, ecology, environmental changes, and natural hydrology. Distributed hydrological model (abbreviated as DHM) is an important type of hydrological model, which can more accurately describe the hydrological process from the mechanism. This paper analyzes the advantages of DHM over traditional lumped hydrological models and reviews the research results of each model in recent years, pointing out the advantages of DHM over traditional block hydrological models. The SWAT model, as a popular type of distributed basin hydrological model, has been employed in hydrological simulation, environmental change, watershed governance, and agricultural modeling. This study also reviews the research results of SWAT in those fields and describes the modeling process of SWAT models. Furthermore, some suggestions for the development of SWAT model are put forward to provide reference for further research.