Scientific Methods and Causal Evidencing. Bias about Causality

It’s an important part of the scientific endeavour to understand causes and effects. Today we are witnessing the increasingly evident effects of unsustainable human activity: environmental pollution, shrinking glaciers, rising sea levels, extreme weather, destruction of eco-systems, loss of nature and biodiversity, conflict, war, and new diseases. Although many of these problems were caused by our scientific and technological advances, starting with the industrial revolution, it does not seem realistic to solve them without contributions from science and technology. For this, causal knowledge is vital. Finding good solutions often depends on us identifying the causes of the problem correctly and get a better understanding of the causal mechanisms leading up to the unwanted effects.