Literature Review: Regulation on Greenhouse Gas Emission Management in Indonesia

As the world’s sixth largest greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter, Indonesia is highly vulnerable to climate change’s impacts. As a member of the G20, Indonesia has committed to ratifying the Paris Agreement through its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), which sets a 32% emissions reduction target. This literature review comprehensively examines GHG emissions management regulations in various vital sectors. Using a qualitative analysis approach and thematic analysis method, this study reveals that efforts to reduce emissions and mitigate the impacts of climate change have been carried out through regulations in five primary GHG emitting sectors: energy sectors, FOLU sector, agricultural sector, waste sector, and IPPU sector. Laws aimed at unraveling emissions, reducing emissions, and minimizing climate change impacts are mostly explicit in the energy and waste sectors. This paper critically assesses that more than existing regulations are needed to achieve the Net Zero Emission target in 2060.