Iatrogenic Deformities

Iatrogenic deformities are those limb deformities that have occurred as a result of medical management. They can occur after fracture care or may result from growth plate disturbances. Angular deviations and soft tissue contractures can arise from limb-lengthening surgery and are also considered iatrogenic. Over time, surgeons are accepting less deformity, and corrective osteotomy is becoming more common for malunions. Correction of these malaligned limbs is possible and has become more sophisticated particularly with the use of circular external fixation. The principles and pitfalls of managing patients with iatrogenic deformity of the lower extremity are reviewed using case examples.