Congenital Femoral Deficiency Reconstruction and Lengthening Surgery

Congenital femoral deficiency (CFD), also known as proximal femoral focal deficiency, is a rare birth defect that can affect the hip, femur, and knee. The spectrum of deformity can range from mild shortening to a proximal or distal deficiency or even complete absence of the femur. This chapter is a comprehensive review of CFD, including the history, pathology, classification, and treatment. The treatment of CFD includes understanding how to diagnose, examine, and develop a treatment plan for a patient with CFD, based on the Paley classification scheme. Detailed surgical techniques, including the indications, complications, and techniques of reconstruction and limb lengthening in CFD, are outlined in this chapter.