Assessing the Impact of Landfill Leachate on Surface and Ground Water in Bangladesh: A Comparison with Other South Asian Regions

This book chapter thoroughly evaluates landfill leachate's significant influence on surface and groundwater systems in Bangladesh, alongside a comparative examination of similar patterns in other South Asian regions. The increase in urbanization and population expansion has led to a significant rise in garbage production, making landfills a necessary but challenging method of trash disposal. The emergence of leachate, a liquid byproduct resulting from the percolation of water via decomposing garbage, has raised considerable environmental concerns due to its potential to contaminate water resources. The chapter explores the complex relationship between landfill leachate and aquatic ecosystems, emphasizing the concerning decline in surface water quality due to the infiltration of leachate contaminants into rivers, lakes, and streams. The groundwater in Bangladesh, which serves as a crucial drinking water source, is confronted with a comparable peril. Leachate elements have the potential to infiltrate aquifers, endangering the health of residents. The results emphasize the necessity of taking proactive actions, such as implementing solid regulatory frameworks, utilizing sophisticated leachate treatment technology, and engaging with the community to reduce the adverse effects caused by leachate contamination. This chapter highlights the importance of understanding the complex relationship between landfill leachate and water resources. It emphasizes the urgent need to address this issue in Bangladesh and provides valuable insights for other South Asian regions that are working towards waste management and the protection of their water resources.