Fat Soluble Vitamins in the Ocular, Cardiac, and Infectious Diseases: Myths and Misconceptions

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发表日期：

2024年

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Zahra Sepehri,
Aliyeh Sargazi,
Maysam Yousefi,
Farkhonde Sarhaddi,
Mehdi Sepehri,
Anahita Behzadi,
Sina Etemadi,
Marjan Hedayatipour,
Yeganeh Azhdari Moghaddam,
Nima Javadi Aghdam,
Kourosh Shahraki,
Zohre Kiani,
Nasrin Etesami Fard,
Zohre Mohammadi,
Roxana Kaveh

摘要

Fat-soluble vitamins have a pivotal role in in maintaining good vision and overall eye health. Profound importance of vitamin A in lowering risk of cataracts and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) has been illustrated. Also, plausible role of fat-soluble vitamins in risk attenuation in cardiac diseases has been studied. This chapter also discusses the role of Vitamin D in the immune system and its potential impact on infectious diseases. It highlights that Vitamin D has a significant influence on both innate and adaptive immunity, affecting various immune cells. Vitamin D fosters immune tolerance by promoting regulatory T cells (Tregs) and suppresses inflammation by altering the type of T cells produced. It also enhances the function of immune cells like macrophages and dendritic cells. Moreover, Vitamin D is linked to infectious diseases, and there’s evidence suggesting it may play a role in combating conditions such as tuberculosis, respiratory infections, and influenza. However, randomized controlled trials have produced inconsistent results regarding the prophylactic use of Vitamin D for infectious diseases. The importance of avoiding Vitamin D toxicity has been discussed. Further research is needed to fully understand its role in infectious diseases. Finally, the chapter emphasizes the importance of informed decision-making when it comes to vitamin supplementation and dispelling common myths and misconceptions.