The Cardio-protective Effect of Water-Soluble Vitamins on Anticancer Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Cancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicityCardiotoxicity is one of the many consequences of chemotherapies, targeted anticancerAnticancer agents, and radiation therapy used to treat cancerCancer. Many studies have implicated that the onset of cardiotoxicity can have drastic effects on the heartHeart that can induce cardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular disease/conditions such as cardiomyopathy, heart failureHeart failure, hypertension, and arrhythmia. For this reason, many cancerCancer drugs like doxorubicinDoxorubicin (DOX) and pemetrexed are limited in their dosage but are among the most widely used anticancer drugs. To prevent cardiotoxicityCardiotoxicity from doxorubicin and pemetrexed, one of the novel approaches is the simultaneous supplementationSupplementation of vitamins. Specifically, water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin CVitamin C, thiamin, niacinNiacin, pyridoxinePyridoxine, folic acidFolic acid, and cobalaminCobalamin have shown great potential in serving as nutritional therapeutics. Several animal and clinical studies on these water-soluble vitamins are now elucidating the cardioprotective effects on anticancerAnticancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating oxidative stressOxidative stress, regulating calcium homeostasis, suppressing apoptosis, and improving myocardial function and morphometric structureStructure in the heartHeart. Therefore, this article will review existing literature that supports the cardio-protective role of water-soluble vitamins individually and synergistically on cancerCancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicityCardiotoxicity.