Epispadias
摘要
Epispadias is a rare genital malformation occurring in both sexes, which results from a developmental defect of the lower abdominal wall expressed by an “open” urethral plate on the dorsal site of the non-closed urethra. In males, the ectopic meatus is found on the dorsal side of the penis, in accordance with the severity of the deformity a glandular, penile or penopubic epispadias can be distinguished. Depending on the meatal location and shortened mucosal strip, a narrowed penis with a pathognomonic dorsal flection can be found. In females, a bifid clitoris with a funnel-shaped widely open urethra is seen, in accordance with the location of the proximally shifted meatus, an open bladder neck results in incontinence of varying degrees in both sexes.