Urethritis is usually caused by a sexually transmitted infection and is classified as gonococcal urethritis (GU), nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) and persistent/recurrent urethritis. Whilst Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the causative agent for GU, NGU can be associated with a number of other organisms including Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum or parvum). Diagnosis of urethritis is based on the detection of polymorphonuclear leucocytes on Gram staining of urethral smear. Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) or culture of a first-catch urine allows identification of underlying organisms and co-infection can be common. For NGU, azithromycin and doxycycline are both effective options while for GU, a combination of Ceftriaxone and azithromycin should be used as first-line treatment. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a serious concern and it is important to adhere to local and national guidance for efficient treatment.