The aetiology of female urinary tract symptoms is varied and careful patient work-up is necessary before decisions regarding surgical treatment can be made. The concept of shared decision-making between patient and clinician involves a detailed discussion which includes a summary of the existing evidence regarding different treatment options. Given the number of different surgical options for women with urinary symptoms, this is especially important in this topic area. This chapter will outline the range of surgical treatments for both Stress and Urge urinary incontinence and provide a summary of the current evidence for all available procedures.