Metabolite-Associated Cell Toxicities

Potential toxic foreign compounds or metabolites are capable of interacting with an endogenous target, triggering perturbation in cellular functions and mediating a biochemical or biomedical effect. The cells initially respond to such perturbation with repair mechanisms. However, toxic effects occur as the induced perturbation exceeds the repair capacity. Then foreign compounds are absorbed and distributed to target organs, where they cause harmful effects. The liver and kidneys are frequent target organs of toxicity.