Single-Atom Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

The quest for sustainable energy solutions has propelled the field of electrocatalysis into the spotlight, with a particular focus on the development of high-performance oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts. In this dynamic landscape, single-atom catalysts (SACs) emerge as frontrunners, celebrated for their remarkable electrocatalytic prowess and the efficient utilization of individual atoms. However, like any trailblazing technology, SACs encounter a formidable challenge—their elevated surface energy poses a hurdle, leading to a restricted loading of metal atoms. This limitation, in turn, curtails their practical viability. This chapter serves as a panoramic exploration of the progress achieved in the extensive realm of SACs research, offering a nuanced understanding of the various facets of ORR electrocatalysts. From the distinguished noble metal SACs, known for their intrinsic excellence, to the versatile transition metal SACs, each category unfolds a unique narrative of breakthroughs and innovations. Additionally, the exploration extends to the realm of double metal SACs, delving into the synergies that arise when combining different metal species. By providing a comprehensive overview, this chapter not only encapsulates the current state of SACs research but also lays the foundation for future endeavors in harnessing sustainable energy through cutting-edge electrocatalytic technologies.