Still Out or Coming in? Shame and Double Stigmatization Among Old LGBTQIA+ Adults

Background/Context: Discriminatory and abusive behaviors may strongly affect older LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual, and more) adults, and poorer health is linked to discriminating practices. Shame is associated with ageism and sexual orientation-based discrimination and may be a significant impediment to aging well by undermining older adults’ sense of agency, health, and well-being. However, little is still known about older LGBTQIA+ adults who encounter double stigmatization. Focus: The present chapter discusses shame and double stigmatization among old LGBTQIA+ adults, and includes an empirical exploration of different dimensions, such as ageism, sexual orientation-based discrimination stereotyping, and others forms of discrimination in old age. The chapter concludes with a discussion of suggestions for future research and policy interventions. Aims: This study aims to explore the dimensions of shame and double stigmatization of older LGBTQIA+ adults, and to generate knowledge that can inform policymakers and health professionals. Methodology: The significant psychological challenges and relevant themes experienced by older LGBTQIA+ adults, as related to shame and double stigmatization, are illustrated by the case of Bruce, an older LGBTQIA+ adult.