Microfibers (MFs): Occurrences, Sources, and Ecological Interactions

The environment is expected to be contaminated with more microfibres as plastic-based personal protective equipment gains importance among general population, as observed during COVID-19 pandemic. Because of human activity, microfibres are released into the environment and stay there. Their capacity to absorb and transport harmful substances, ease of incorporation into living beings’ cells, and interference with physiological processes all pose potential dangers to the environment, especially to aquatic animals and human health. This investigation looks at the origins and pathways by which microfibers enter the aquatic environment, their destiny and behaviour, and their effects on aquatic organisms. It’s important to note that, despite the fact that the aquatic environment is significantly contaminated by microplastics, research on the issue is limited. In addition, nothing is known about microfibres in aquatic systems. In addition, nothing is known about microfibres in aquatic systems. Knowledge gaps will be revealed by a review of this chapter: (i) the ecological fate of microfibers; (ii) carrying out toxicological research in environmentally appropriate settings; (iii) analysing biota toxicity processes and creating mitigation plans to safeguard human health; and (iv) looking into contaminants conveyed by microfibers. Additionally, governmental actions and circular economy policies may aid in lowering microfibre contamination.