The Umpire’s Dilemma and the Ashes of Realism

Radford (Analysis 45:109–111, 1985) poses a prima-facie problem for the anti-realist or intuitionist who holds that all truths are knowable yet refuses to assert (or even denies) that all declarative sentences have determinate truth-values—values that might be independent of our means for determining what they are. This study sets out the Umpire’s Dilemma and explores the prospect for an anti-realist solution of the problem that it poses.