IoT in Smart Farming: A Review

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technology that empowers the collection, transmission, and sharing of data among devices and sensors through internet connections. In the context of agriculture and aquaculture, IoT is utilized for monitoring and managing various aspects, including environmental conditions, water quality, crop health, and product traceability. Its use optimizes agricultural operations while reducing losses. On the other hand, artificial intelligence (AI) is characterized as a technology that leverages algorithms to analyze data, detect patterns, and make data-driven decisions. When integrated with IoT, it imparts a more sophisticated dimension to data collection and analysis. In the realms of agriculture and aquaculture, this amalgamation of IoT and AI enables more precise and automated management. For instance, AI can detect signs of diseases in crops or animals and automate tasks like irrigation. Overall, IoT and AI are revolutionizing the agriculture and aquaculture sectors by providing smarter and environmentally friendly solutions. This combination of technologies contributes to increased productivity, cost reduction, and enhanced food security, all while minimizing environmental impact. The paper conducted a review of existing challenges and technologies in agriculture and aquaculture and formulated forecasts regarding the future development of IoT in farming. This holds the capability to reduce labor costs and enhance the efficiency of producing higher-quality food.