Monitoring and Assessment of Agricultural Dynamics in the Middle Sebou River by Using GIS (Morocco)

Over the past decade, the Middle Sebou Valley, a pivotal center for socio-economic activities near Fes, has undergone significant transformations in its riverine agriculture. This comprehensive study, conducted from 2008 to 2018, delves into the profound impacts of the Idriss I and Al Wahda Dams on the region's water resources. The research brings to light a discernible decline in the flow of the Sebou River, acting as a catalyst for a paradigm shift towards modern agricultural practices. Notably, irrigated areas experienced a remarkable surge from 2533 ha in 1996 to 14361 ha in 2014, accompanied by a notable increase in population density from 50.7 to 56.3 inhabitants/km2. The escalating demand for water, particularly during the summer and autumn seasons, has placed considerable stress on the available resources. This surge in water demand necessitated the adoption of modern irrigation techniques to ensure sustainable agricultural practices. Traditional water diversion methods have gradually waned, making way for more efficient and contemporary approaches such as pumps and sprayers. As a result, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the dynamic changes in the Middle Sebou Valley's agricultural landscape, shedding light on the interplay between water resource management, evolving agricultural practices, and the socio-economic fabric of the region.