68Ga-PSMA

Imaging prostate cancer and metastases either by morphologic radiological approach or nuclear medicine methods has not fulfilled the expectations of the clinicians until several years. PSMA—prostate specific membrane antigen—which can be labeled with positron emitting isotopes mostly 68Ga—changed this setting substantially. Prostate cancer is the most common tumor entity in men worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer related death in men in Europe and the USA. Biochemical relapse is a frequent event after primary therapy. A large body of evidence is available for restaging of prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT demonstrates high detection rates in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after primary radiation therapy as well as after radical prostatectomy. 68Ga-PSMA PET has also been used for radiotherapy planning. Compared to conventional CT, PSMA PET/CT had a remarkable impact on radiotherapeutic approach especially in postoperative patients. PSMA is an ideal structure for both imaging and targeted therapy for prostate cancer, therefore enabling a theranostic approach.