Review of Synergistic Integration of Microstrip Patch Antennas in Biomedical and Artificial Intelligence Domains

Biomedical imaging with microstrip patch antennas has indeed shown encouraging outcomes in different platforms, including protein characterization and cancer detection. Non-ionizing radiation-based techniques of biomedical imaging, such as ultrasonic and microwave imaging, are being investigated for the early diagnosis of skin cancer, which is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer due to its exposure to sunlight. Ultrasonic imaging, which creates images of the inner structures of the body using sound waves, is a widely used medical application for detecting and diagnosing skin tumors. It can also help to identify abnormal tissue characteristics, such as changes in tissue density, which may indicate the presence of a tumor. It is particularly useful in distinguishing between solid masses and fluid-filled cysts. RFID-based sensors in biomedical imaging offer several advantages that make them suitable for structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. They are passive devices that can operate wirelessly. This passive nature eliminates the need for frequent battery replacements and reduces maintenance efforts in large-scale infrastructures. Additionally, the wireless operation allows for remote sensing and monitoring, enhancing convenience and accessibility. Microstrip patch antennas have been significantly used for different purposes, such as wireless communication within medical devices, wearable health monitoring systems, and biomedical imaging.