Introduction

Marcus Vitruvius Pollio was a Roman architect and engineer of the first century BC. Vitruvius was one of the first people who looked at the human body as an object that has dimensions and proportions and regarded it as a symbol of harmony that they observed between the various human body parts. The Vitruvian Man diagram, which was drawn by Leonardo da Vinci (Fig. 1.1), was inspired by Marcus Vitruvius and has come to symbolize the biomedical field because biomaterial scientists and engineers are trying to create harmony between the natural organs and tissues and their artificial counterparts that are prepared in the lab.