TCO Analysis of Conventional and Electric Vehicles on the Example of Operations of the Polish Enterprise

The purchase of a vehicle should be based primarily on an accurate and realistic economic calculation. This means that the expenses incurred for the vehicle should be calculated on the basis of all costs that are associated with exploitation. Many people, who deciding on the choice of a particular vehicle, take into account only the purchase price of the vehicle, and overlook other important issues of exploitation. In accurately determining the profitability of a vehicle purchase, both for individuals and companies, the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) parameter plays a major role. TCO is all the expenses incurred by a specific user, starting from the implementation of the vehicle into the fleet (in the case of enterprises) or the purchase of the vehicle (in the case of individuals), through the operation and ending with the final disposal of the used vehicle. This model provides an estimate of the development of costs over time. TCO is beginning to have an increasing impact on consumer purchasing behavior.