Superficial Fungal Infections in Older Adults
摘要
Superficial fungal infections are among the most common cutaneous conditions affecting older adults. These infections, most commonly caused by dermatophytes and yeasts, affect keratinized areas of the body such as the skin, hair, and nails. Aging-related changes in skin integrity, immune function, and comorbid conditions make older adults particularly susceptible to some superficial fungal infections. This chapter outlines the characteristic features of common superficial fungal infections, highlighting epidemiological impact, clinical presentations, causative organisms, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. Diagnostic techniques, such as potassium hydroxide (KOH) microscopy, PAS staining, fungal cultures, and Wood’s lamp ultraviolet fluorescence, are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the importance of selecting appropriate diagnostic tools to accurately identify causative organisms, essential for effective treatment and favorable patient outcomes. Management of superficial fungal infections is done through both topical and systemic antifungal therapies. Treatment considerations include the site and severity of infection, patient comorbidities, potential drug interactions, and appropriate antifungal agents based on their indications and treatment principles.