Visual-Sensory Information Processing Using Multichannel EEG Signals

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are an application of EEG that is still relatively young but is expanding. BCI is a technology that enables brain-computer intercommunication. A computer system called a brain-computer interface (BCI) takes in brain signals, processes them, and then transforms them into orders that are delivered to an output device to carry out the intended operation. Currently, there is growing interest in the analysis of the processes occurring in the cerebral cortex during the reception and processing of sensory information using multichannel signals of its electrical activity. In this case, special attention is paid to identifying typical scenarios for the involvement of various parts of the brain in the process of emotional perception. Purpose: to study the features of the spatio-temporal and frequency-temporal structure of signals of electrical activity of the brain during the processing of visual sensory information. As a result, based on the methods of time-frequency analysis, the processes of changes in the energy of electrical activity of neurons in the frequency ranges of 8–12 Hz (alpha activity) and 15–30 Hz (beta activity) in various environments of the brain were studied. Perception and processing of a visual stimulus has been shown to cause a decrease in alpha energy and an increase in beta energy. Moreover, these processes are observed in different parts of the brain. It was also noted that characteristic patterns appear on the back of the head and forehead, and then include neurons in the central and frontal regions of the brain. The resulting templates are separated into classes and run using the necessary instructions. It recognizes and categorizes these patterns into various jobs, such as controlling a wheelchair or a computer program (such as cursor movement). This article focuses on the creation of a software application that uses the aforementioned techniques and tools to analyze and categorize electrical multichannel EEG signals produced by the brain as it processes visual sensory data.