A Comparative Analysis of MANET Routing Protocols Using NS2 and NS3 Simulators

The use of simulation software is crucial for determining the expected outcomes of a practical hardware arrangement, which is expensive and time-consuming to change on a regular basis. In the field of communication, there are many different types of network simulators. However, selecting the appropriate simulator for a given task can be challenging due to the wide variations in operating systems, hardware specifications, programming software needs, and scalability. The four mobile ad hoc routing protocols—DSDV, AODV, DSR, and OLSR—are analyzed using packet delivery ratio, throughput, average end-to-end delay, and energy in this study, which compares the results of NS3 and NS2.