Comparative Analysis of ITS-G5 and C-V2X for Autonomous Vehicles with an Improved Algorithm of C-V2X

Autonomous vehicles rely on sensors, radars, and lidar entertainment devices to operate. They provide a safer solution for traffic safety, both for the driver and nearby cars. However, they also pose a challenge, as ensuring safety necessitates taking all necessary precautions to guarantee flawless functioning and communication of the autonomous vehicle. Consequently, numerous research investigations have been conducted on the communication protocols employed by self-driving cars. These studies have examined the vulnerabilities of each protocol to propose enhancements and refine existing ones. In our prior research papers, we have conducted comparative analyses among various communication protocols using software such as OMNET++. The critical factor that determines the resilience of a protocol is its response time, which ensures effective communication between the protocols. Some of the protocols examined include C-V2X, DSRC, ITS-G5, and 5G. This article aims to conduct a comparative study between the C-V2X and ITS-G5 protocols based on criteria such as latency, synchronization, resource selection, and response time. This comparison is crucial for improving the performance of both protocols and ensuring efficient, reliable, and smooth communication between vehicles and the environment.