Two Major Theories of Sign (Dyadic and Triadic) and Their Application to Fake News Analyses

This chapter builds upon the foundational concepts established in the preceding section, to elucidate the core theories that govern the study of signs—specifically, the dyadic and triadic perspectives. As the intellectual landscape is navigated, the primary objective is to clarify these perspectives, equipping readers with essential tools for a more profound understanding of the application of semiotics in the analysis of fake news. Throughout this chapter, insights from semiotic luminaries such as Ferdinand de Saussure, Roland Barthes, Algirdas Julien Greimas, Joseph Courtés, Charles Saunders Peirce, and Charles William Morris are drawn upon. Their contributions provide valuable perspectives on how signs shape our understanding of the world, laying the groundwork for a more profound analysis of deceptive narratives within the context of fake news.