Emerging Cardiovascular Risk Factors

There are innumerable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), many of which still need to be discovered and studied. In prior chapters, traditional risk factors with strong evidence for their risk to CVD and mechanisms were presented. This chapter will explore some of the emerging risk factors that have been researched over the past several years and are continuing to be under study as well as their impact on the development of cardiovascular disease. These are lipoprotein (a), apolipoprotein B, inflammatory markers, transgender health issues, and virus exposure.