Electric Kick Scooter Driving Simulation - Risks and Safety

Micro-mobility is currently a significant global trend in cities’ transportation sector. However, they have resulted in numerous accidents, primarily due to incorrect usage and insufficient safety measures. This paper introduces a model designed for simulating the vertical dynamic behaviour of electric kick scooters. The model takes into consideration the mechanical impedance of the driver, allowing for an estimation of the overall driver’s safe and risk by road holding capabilities. The simulation model consists of three main parts: the main vehicle model, the tire and its interaction with the road and human body modelling. Furthermore, the paper shows the simulation results envelope curves for the lumped different obstacles by driving the electrical kick scooter for established drive safety and risk factors of using an electrical kick scooter in an urban area. The obtained results allow to define the critical risk of driving an electrical kick scooter in an urban area through different type of obstacles.