Carbon Sequestration: Different Approaches to Address Climate Change Effects

Global warming is a major environmental issue that gives rise to different types of ecological problems. A number of techniques and plans are adopted to overcome these problems, one of which is carbon sequestration. Carbon sequestration is a phenomenon of capturing carbon safely to reduce its atmospheric concentration and minimize the global warming effect. Apart from concern about atmospheric conditions, it is also a serious topic for the agricultural sector due to the gradual decrease in soil carbon content, which results in a decline in agricultural productivity. Carbon sequestration converts atmospheric carbon into different carbon compounds and ultimately enhances the organic content of soil. Roots have a significant role in the transfer of atmospheric carbon to the soil environment in the form of carbon compounds such as phenolic compounds and organic acid and directly contribute to sustainable agricultural management. The decomposition of plant roots comes up with remarkable amounts of organic carbon in the soil environment. This deposition of organic carbon improves soil pH, the growth of soil microbes, and the movement of soil nutrients into the plants. It forms a new approach in which plant roots transfer organic carbon for the enrichment of soil and fertility. Thus, the goal of this chapter is to emphasize the plant’s contribution to the process of carbon sequestration for the maintenance of agricultural lands and reducing global warming.