Shear Thickening Fluid in Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which are based on the coupling of contact-electrification and electrostatic induction effects, can harvest and convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The outstanding characteristics of TENGs, such as low cost, simplicity of fabrication, lightweight, flexibility, and high efficiency, make them promising candidates to power wearable electronics. However, their weak mechanical performance makes them susceptible to damage from severe impact loads, which can lead to the collapse of the structure and a decline in electrical performance. This chapter presents a comprehensive and in-depth overview of TENG based on shear thickening fluid (STF-TENG) with improved anti-impact performance. The chapter commences with an introduction to flexible TENGs, emphasizing their working principles and operation modes. The STF and their significant role in the preparation of STF-TENG with the capability of high-energy harvesting and safeguarding effects are described. The chapter then introduces the various methods and techniques employed to fabricate STF-TENGs, as well as explores their working mechanism. The practical application of STF-TENG as a wearable healthcare device and impact monitoring system is addressed.