Modeling and Control of Decentralized Microgrid Based on Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicle Charging Station

Energy scarcity, environmental pollution, and the exponential rise in demand for energy are all significant global problems. The integration of distributed energy resources (DER) into electric power systems (EPS) and the use of electric vehicles (EVs) due to low pollution has increased in recent decades. The operating reliability and efficiency of the power systems are affected when DERs and energy storage devices are integrated into a distribution network. In a different scenario, a vital step toward low-carbon mobility is the electrification of automobiles. To integrate the widespread adoption of electric vehicles into EPS, it is necessary to coordinate the combination of centralized and decentralized control of EPS at the EV grid infrastructure. In this paper, a microgrid (MG) with decentralized control of renewable energy and an EV charging station is designed and modeled for Karabuk University campus. In the proposed mathematical model, the Park transformer is applied based on injection current in the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) and using the PI controller to control active power. This technique can keep the frequency and power in both grid-connected and islanded modes, also significantly reducing the number of harmonics in the grid-connected mode.