Modelling, Teaching, and Reflecting: What More I Have Learned?

As the title indicates this paper is a reflection on developments in the modelling field over a period of thirty years—described as Then and Now eras. Space limitations mean that just three central themes have been selected for elaboration: conceptions of modelling; the development of a competency focus; and changes and challenges implied for teacher education. Theoretical principles and claims emerging from empirical studies are used to identify issues that continue to need attention if the promise of modelling as a means of empowering students (and teachers) with life skills is to be more fully realised.