Hydroponics: A Significant Method for Phytoremediation

The wastewater released from multiple points and nonpoint sources is increasing the magnitude of water pollution over the years. The consumption of contaminated surface and groundwater is responsible for the occurrence of health ailments of living organisms and loss of diversity in aquatic ecosystems. This chapter is designed with the objective to trace the role of wetlands in the effective phytoremediation of wastewater. The hydroponics based phytoremediation technique is a novel technique for the degradation of sewage, effluents, and agricultural runoff water using aerobic and anaerobic phases in a regular sequence. The wide acceptance of this alternative method is for minimal sludge formation during wastewater treatment with possible recovery of resources. This technology is gaining popularity for use at community levels due to the minimal involvement of skilled personnel, the least financial constraint, and limited chances of secondary pollution. Further study on this aspect is required to ameliorate the efficiency of wastewater phytoremediation.